General Knowledge Pt.- IX

 

Where was mahatma gandhi on independence day?

Even as India celebrated her hard won freedom on August 15, 1947, Mahatma Gandhi, who had played such a sterling role in the movement, was in Kolkata. Saddened by the Partition of the country, he spent the day fasting and in prayer. This was in stark contrast with the celebrations in Delhi where Nehru gave his Tryst with Destiny’ speech as Indians rejoiced in their new-found Independence.

Which is the largest cantilever bridge in the world?

A cantilever bridge is formed by two projecting beams or trusses joined in the centre by a connecting member and supported on piers and anchored by counter-balancing members. The Quebec Bridge in Canada is considered the world’s largest cantilever bridge. It crosses the lower Saint Lawrence river west of Quebec city The bridge is a riveted steel truss structure and is 987 metres long, 29 metres wide and 104 metres high. It presently accommodates three highway lines, one rail line and one pedestrian walkway. It once carried a streetcar line. Each cantilever span is 170 metres long.

When did g-8 come into existence?

The G-8 (Group of 8 nations) officially came into existence only in 1998 although the concept of major industrial democracies meeting annually to discuss and solve economic and political concerns has existed since 1975. At that time, it was the G-6 (the US; the UK, Japan, Italy, Germany and France) that formed the international community at the first summit in Rambouillet, France. Canada joined in the 1976 summit in Puerto Rico. In 1998, the Birmingham Summit saw full Russian participation. Since 1991, the USSR and then Russia participated in post summit dialogues with the G-7.

When was the first disneyland set up?

The first Disneyland was set up July 15, 1955 in Anaheim, California, USA The opening was attended by 28 154 persons and 90 million people watched it on television. The themepark was the brainchild of Walt Disney famous for his creation of Mickey Mouse and gang. Disney acquired 160 acres of orange groves and walnut trees in Anaheim, south of Los Angeles. Its construction began on July 21, 1954 and cost around $17 million.

When did mickey mouse make her debut?

Mickey Mouse’s girlfriend, Minnie, made her film debut, along with Mickey, in ‘Steamboat Willie’ on November 18, 1928. That date is recognised as her official birthday. Along with Mickey, who shares her birthday, and Donald Duck, she is one of the only three Disney characters with an officially recognized birthday. A popular character, Minnie did not have her own cartoon series, but appeared in 73 cartoons with Mickey Mouse and Pluto.

Which is renoir’s most famous painting?

‘Bal au Moulin de la Galette, Montmartre’ (Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette), an open-air scene of a popular dance garden on the Butte Montmartre — painted in 1876 — is one of the most famous paintings of Pierre Auguste Renoir. ‘Bathers’ (Les Baigneuses), painted in 1918, which is in the collection of The Barnes Foundation, Merion, Pennsylvania is another famous painting by this French painter. He was originally associated with the Impressionist movement and his early works were typically Impressionist snapshots of real life. By the mid-1880s, he had broken with the movement to apply a more disciplined, formal technique to portraits and figure paintings.

Though pizzas are round in shape, why are they packed in square boxes?

Pizzas, or most things irrespective of their shape, are packed in square boxes because: i) Easy to manufacture square boxes; ii) Easier and speedier handling, packing and unpacking; iii) Wastage during manufacture is less as curving round boxes would result in loss of material on the edges; iv) In storing square boxes in stacks, they occupy optimum space and can be , placed efficiently and v) Carrying and serving a pile of pizzas in square boxes is more easier.

How many types of cheese are produced all over the world? Which is the most popular?

Cheeses can be distinguished based on: i) country of origin; ii) kind of milk used (raw, skimmed or pasteurised); iii) texture (hard, semi-hard, semi-soft or soft) and iv) the animal from which the milk is derived (cow, goat, sheep, buffalo, horse or camel). As the number of cheese-making countries is very large, the above classification system gives rise to at least a few thousand varieties. The most popular is Cheddar. It’s made from cow’s milk, is hard or semi-hard in texture, and the colour varies from white and pale yellow to yellowish orange.

What is the origin of the word loophole’?

Loophole comes from the Dutch word ‘liupen’, meaning ‘to peer’. Loopholes were a vertical slit or opening in the wall of a fortification such as a castle, allowing a defender to look out or shoot while remaining protected. Metaphorically, therefore, the word means a gap, omission, and error, ambiguity that one can exploit.

What is the silk route?

The Silk Route is an ancient trade route built in 8th century B.C. linking China with Central Asia and the Mediterranean region. It is 4,000 miles long and originates from Sian. With the Great Wall of China to the northwest, it bypasses the Takia Makan Desert, climbs the Pamirs (mountains), crosses Afghanistan, and goes on to the Levant. It carried goods between the two great civilisations of Rome and China. Silk came westward, while wool, gold, and silver went east. As silk was the major item being transported, it was called the Silk Route.

Which is blink technology?

It’s the contact less payment technology for credit cards. It’s just like a regular credit card in many ways with the account holder’s name and account number on the front of the card. On the reverse is a magnetic strip containing the account information, so the card can be used where regular credit cards can be used. The key difference is inside the card. Embedded within is a small Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) microchip. When the chip is close enough to the right kind of terminal, it can get information from the chip (in this case, account number and name). Instead of swiping the magnetic strip on the card through a standard reader, cardholders simply hold their card a few inches from the blink terminal. The card never leaves the cardholder’s hand.

Which was the tallest hand-built sand sculpture?

It was a sand sculpture of a big tent, with a horse carousel, that stood at 28 ft 71/4 inches high. Using about 240 tones of sand, it was created during The South’s Largest Children’s Festival in Georgia’s Stone Mountain Park, US on July 24, 1998 after 100 man-hours by Team Sandtastic. The team’s sculpture entered the Guinness Book of World Records. The tallest indoor sand castle was made at New York State Fairgrounds between August 21 and September 7,1998 with a height of 33 ft 5 inches.

Why is the head of the german government called a chancellor and not a prime minister?

Chancellor is the official title used by people whose civilisations have directly or indirectly risen out of the Roman Empire. The title is borne by officers of various degrees of dignity. The head of government in Germany is also called kanzler (chancellor) but the name of the office today is bundeskanzler (Federal chancellor). This position is equivalent to that of a Prime Minister and is elected by the German Parliament.

How did new orleans get its name?

New Orleans is the largest city in the state of Louisiana. It’s famous for, among other things, its Mardi Gras and Jazz Fest. It was founded in 1718 and at this point of time, Philip II, Duke of Orleans (a city in France, about 200 km south-west of Paris) was the ruler of France. In his honour, New Orleans got its name.

Who invented the t-shirt?

During World War I, US soldiers, sweating in their woollen uniforms, noticed the light cotton undershirts worn by European soldiers. Since they were much more comfortable, they quickly became popular among the Americans, and because of their design, they were named T-shirts. During World War II, the T-shirt became standard issue underwear in both the US Army and Navy after WW II, the T-shirt started appearing without a shirt covering it.

Who was the last emperor?

The last emperor of China was Henry P’u Yi, pronounced Too yee His name is variously spelled P’u-i, Puyi, Pu-Yi, or Buyi. P’u Yi was a member of the Ch’ing (or Qing) Dynasty — a Manchu. The Manchu were originally nomads from Manchuria, northeast of China. They conquered China in 1644, but kept themselves largely separated from the Chinese. They retained their own language and fashions, lived apart and married other Manchus. For a long time, the Chinese weren’t even permitted to settle in the Manchu homeland.

What do the suffixes gmbh and spa (added to some european companies) stand for?

GmbH stands for Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung in German and SpA stands for Societa per Azioni in Italian. Both are representative of companies with limited liability for stockholders. It is similar to a Limited Liability Company (LLC) in the US.

What is the origin of the term ‘hollywood’?

Hollywood is a district of Los Angeles. Due to its fame and identity as a major center of movie studios and stars, ‘Hollywood’ is often used to refer to the American motion picture industry. Daeida Wilcox, who met a woman who spoke of, coined it her country home in Ohio named after a Dutch settlement called Hollywood. She bestowed the name to the family ranch in Southern California. Harvey Wilcox, Daeida’s husband, drew up a grid map for a town, which he filed with the county recorder’s office on February 1, 1887, the first official appearance of the name ‘Hollywood’.

What is the cow parade festival?

The Cow Parade Festival is the world’s largest public art event showcasing life-size sculptures of cows in different cities. Numerous artists, designers and others are invited to paint their own designs on these sculptures, which/are then displayed in parks, squares and streets. After the event, many of the sculptures are auctioned and a substantial portion of the proceeds goes to charity.

Who is a history sheeter?

The answer (May says the term does not find place in dictionaries yet. However, I’d like to point out that it’s included in the Oxford English Dictionary, 11th edition and gives the meaning as (of Indian origin), ‘a person with a criminal record’.

When was the london eye opened?

The London Eye was inaugurated on December 31,1999 by British Prime Minister Tony Blair, although it was not actually open to the public until March 2000 due to technical problems. The Eye (sometimes called the Millennium Wheel) is the largest observation wheel in the world and stands 135 metres high on the south bank of the Thames in London, England. It carries 32 sealed air-conditioned capsules attached to its external circumference. One capsule can accommodate up to 25 persons. It provides a 30-minute slow-moving passage over London. It is designed by architects David Marks and Julia Barfield and operated by Tussauds Group.

Who was the first playback singer in indian cinema?

It’s WM Khan. The first Indian talkie ‘Alam Ara’ was made by Ardeshir M Irani, on March 14,1931. It was a Parsi theatre piece adaptation retaining the play’s songs. This gave Indian cinema its first singer WM Khan and achieved success in Sri Lanka and Myanmar. For the song recordings, only a harmonium and tabia were used out of the camera range and the singer sang into a hidden microphone. The fakir song by WM Khan – ‘De De Khuda ke Naam Par Pyaare’ – became extremely popular.

Why are black cat commandos called so?

Black Cat Commandos are called so because of their black uniforms including the headgear. They are reckoned to be one of the best anti-terrorist outfits in the world. It is a highly specialised specific operation unit armed with sophisticated weapons meant to storm hideouts to neutralize enemy threats. The National Security Guards members are trained to react swiftly in a combat situation.

Who is a neo-luddite?

In 18th century England, Ned Ludd led a movement to destroy manufacturing machinery in the belief that its use led to a fall in employment. A Neo-Luddite is a person who opposes technology, especially the use of computers in the work place.

Why is the tabia superior to the western drum?

Indian percussion instruments, tabla, pakhavaj or mridangam are more versatile than the drums used by Western musicians. The drums offer only the beat while a variety of musical notes is produced using the Indian instruments. The late Prof. C. V. Raman, a Nobel Prize winner, gave an explanation for this phenomenon. The obvious difference between the tabla and the drum is that the tabla is coated with a black paste to make a circular mask. The loading of the vibrating membrane explains why Indian percussion instruments are versatile.

Who designed the electronic logic circuit?

In 1939 Bruno Rossi, an Italian cosmic ray physicist, while detecting nuclear ray radiation, designed the electronic logic circuit. He called it the coincidence circuit. The electronic logic forms the ‘intelligence5 of every digital machine, including the computer.

What is a venturimeter?

It is a simple contraption made of mercury filled U-tube to measure the flow of liquids. Venturimeters have now been replaced by compact digital flow meters.

Why is the all weather” all terrain vehicle called a jeep?

Even in the deep interiors of India, a jeep is a handy vehicle to maneuver on the difficult mud tracks. The engineers of the Allied Army conceived the jeep during the World War-11. They called it GP or simply the General Purpose vehicle that can be used to carry troops, guns and even smaller field guns. The term GP slowly metamorphosed into jeep.

What is a fugu?

Fugu is a fish that is eaten as a delicacy in Japan after the removal of its skin and certain organs that contain poisons. In fact, chefs have to obtain a license from the government before being able to use the fish in recipes.

What are simple machines?

Modern day machines are based on a few simple gadgets. They are: Lever, pulley, inclined slope, and wheel and axle. Incidentally, the clock is called the mother of all machines.

Who is the inventor of modern-day roads?

The idea of building roads and pavements using layers of broken stones and tar was conceived by a Scottish engineer, J. L. Mc Adam. Hence, roads built in this manner are called macadamized roads.

Who invented lego?

Construction games often simulate children’s imagination and inventiveness. The most popular building game is Lego. Kirk Christiasen invented this.

Where did the chewing gunur riginally come from?

The chewing gum is made from the sap of a tree, the sapodilla, found in the forests of Guatemala. The sap is boiled to make it elastic before adding various flowers.

Why are denim trousers called ‘jeans’?

In 1851 Levi Strauss, a German, arrived in California with rolls of rugged canvas like cloth. The original purpose was to make tents for miners. The miners insisted on rugged outfits instead. Similar cloth was called ‘Genoa’ which got its name from the Italian city from where it originated. The term was later Americanized and called ‘Jeans’.

How many grads make a full circle?

Grad is the ‘metric’ equivalent of angular measure. A right angle has a measure of 90 degrees or 100 grads. This implies that a full circle is made of 400 grads. In other words, a grad is nine-tenth of a degree.

What is a funicular railway?

Funicular railway is a train pulled by the tension in a rope. Normally the ascending and descending coaches counterbalance. Funicular railways are used in mining and quarrying applications.

What is the angle of banking?

Whenever a vehicle takes a turn, there are two forces working on it. One is the centripetal force that works towards the center of the circle. A pseudoforce called the centrifugal force balances this force. It is possible that the vehicle may deviate from its circular motion. In order to avoid a possible accident, the outer curve of the road is elevated in relation to the inner curve. This elevation is called the ‘angle of banking’.

There is more to guts than you think. Say what.

Physicists continue to search for a theory of everything — a theory that would connect all four fundamental forces in nature: namely, gravity, strong nuclear, week interaction and electromagnetic forces. While the weak interaction and electromagnetic forces have been unified, the next logical step is to link them with the strong nuclear force. The theories that attempt such unification are called Grand Unified Theories (GUTs).

Is the unit ‘calorie’ used by the dietician the same as that used by the physicist?

No. A ‘calorie’ as defined by the physicist is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree centigrade. One calorie of food is the equivalent of 1,000 calories of heat. The dietician’s unit is described as one kcal.

What are tachyons?

Tachyons are hypothetical particles — at least, not yet discovered — that move faster than the speed of light.

How are expert systems helpful?

The application of artificial intelligence in computer-based systems used to tackle a real life situation results in an expert system. A computer expert and a domain specialist devise an expert system. For example, a medical expert system installed on an off-shore drilling platform or remote area is made with the help of a medical practitioner.

What are the main functions of a karta in the hindu undivided family? Can he marry outside his community? And if he does, can he continues to; perform his duties as a karta?

KARTA is like the Managing Director. Just as the Managing Director has all the powers on behalf of the company, the karta has the right to sell, purchase, and invest the money belonging to the Hindu Undivided family and to take all such actions as he deems to be in the interests of the family. It is as if he has the General Power of Attorney on behalf of all the other members of the Hindu Undivided Family. He can marry out side his caste, but if he marries a non-Hindu, he ceases to be the karta. If he marries a person of his own community, but enters into marriage under the Special Marriages Act (what is referred to as registered marriage), he ceases to be the karta. If he marries outside his caste (not community) but the marriage is solemnised according to the traditional Hindu rites or even according to Arya Samaj rites, he can remain the karta.

What do the words ‘book post’ written on postal envelopes mean?

ON some categories sent by mail, some concession is provided. Thus you can send printed books to a friend at a concessional rate. You can send even handwritten stories for being published in The Indian-Express at a concessional rate. But you must remember not to send a letter along with such a contribution. You have to write: ‘Matter for Press Book Post’.

What is the hawala racket? How did it work?

MANY people have often asked me this question. I have been hesitating to reply because most of my readers are young. Hawala literally means charge or custody. Hawala racket is bound to be there in a society shackled with far too many laws that are being enforced by an overwhelmingly corrupt bureaucracy and police and a highly inefficient judicial system. When an ordinary citizen visits a government office or even the Municipal Corporation, he cannot make the employees there do the job (for which they are paid handsome salaries) unless he pays bribes. To be able to pay such hefty bribes, the businessman, in particular, needs unaccounted (black) money. If you want a little black money, you can get it by asking the garage owner, who repairs your car, to provide you bills for good and services that are not provided. He will ask for 10 per cent or 20 cent of the bill as commission. You immediately will have some unaccounted (black) money. Now imagine a transaction like transfer of property worth lakhs. Unless the businessman is prepared to wait for years together, he will not be able to get the office of the Registrar of Properties to register the transfer without paying thousands of rupees. From where can the businessman get the money? From paying fake bills against some commission. Hawala is the word used for such illegal transactions, involving mainly other countries. Hawala money comes handy to pay the huge bribes to people in very high positions. All such hawala transactions raise the cost of living because the businessmen will have to recover the money paid for fake bills, from the goods and the services that his company renders.

What are the seven wonders of the world?

I request readers not to ask questions for which answers can be easily found in good books of general knowledge or children’s encyclopedias. However, the answer to the above question is: Pyramids of Egypt, 2. Hanging Gardens of Babylon, 3. Statue of Zeus at Olympia, 4. Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, 5. Mausoleum of Halicamassus, 6. Colossus of Rhodes and 7. Pharaohs of Alexandria. Of these only the pyramids are substantially in existence today.

What is the difference between new delhi and delhi?

THE Red Fort was built by Shah Jahan and on its completion in 1638; he shifted the capital from Agra to Delhi. It is the area within the gates known as Delhi Gate, Turkman Gate and Ajmer Gate in the south and Kashmir Gate and Mori Gate in the north. In the north west was the Kabul Gate and below it, the Lahore Gate. Of these gates, only the Kashmir, Ajmer, Turkman and Delhi gates (or their vestiges) survive till this day. Inside old Delhi are the areas now known as Daryaganj, Chandni Chowk, Jami Masjid, the Royal Palace, etc. The work began on the construction of New Delhi in 1913, but it remained suspended during the First World War (1914 to 1918). New Delhi was formally inaugurated on February 15, 1931. A number of sites and buildings, now as Raj Path, Jan Path, Kasturba Candhi Marg, Connaught Place, Mandir Defence Colony, South Extension, Irapati Bhavan, North Block, South etc. are all parts of New Delhi.

When were the epics, the ramayana and the mahabharata written? Who ruled our country at that time?

SANSKRIT is the language in which the Ramayana and the Mahabharata were composed. The language of the Vedas is slightly different and seems to have been the spoken language, much before the Ramayana. Rig Veda was the earliest Veda to have been composed. It is at least 3,000 years old. Atharva Veda, according to some scholars, could have been composed only about 2,500 years ago. The Ramayana and the MahabJirata, like the Vedas, have come down us through oral tradition. The language which the Ramayana is composed suggests that if was perhaps written only about 2,500 to 3,000 years ago Ramayana is the adi-kavya, the first poem. But the incidents described in the Mahahabharata have led many scholars to believe that the period described in it was prior to describe in the Ramayana. There are differences among scholars even about the period of the Ramayana. Many feel that the Bala Kanda, the first chapter of the Ramayana, which describes the childhood days of the princes and Uttara Kanda, the chapter, which describes the days after the coronation of Rama are both later additions. As far as the person who ruled our country during the time the epics were written, it is anybody’s guess.

It is said at times that someone is in the seventh heaven. What does it mean?

According to scholars, around 2nd century B.C., heaven came to be regarded by the Jews as a place where the good people resurrected from the dead would dwell with Yahweh (the God of Israelites). Christianity and Islam too consider heaven to be the destination of those who believe in Christ and Allan respectively. In the Mahabharata, it is I said, those who follow the path of truth and righteousness find a place in heaven. The wicked ones go to hell; Yudhishthira was ushered into the heaven (Swarg). Among the Hindus, the concepts of heaven (Swarg) and hell (Nark) are to be found at length in the Puranas. There is reference to seven heavens, one above the other. The seventh heaven is the highest. By the time of Tulsidas, the concept of seven heavens was common among the masses. When someone is said to be in the seventh heaven, it is conveyed that he is enjoying unalloyed happiness.

What is mind? What is soul?

A hundred pages would not be enough to answer, even in brief, this question. It has haunted man from the dawn of civilisation. The “existence of mind is experienced in such occurrences as sensations, emotions, perceptions, desires, memory, traits of personality, etc. Materialists hold the vie^ that there is, nothing but matter and concepts like soul and even mind, independent of matter are false. Plato was the first person in the West to hold the view that matter and mind were two separate entities. The word he used was psyche, which has been translated as soul (and not as mind) in most writings. Rene Descartes, the philosopher argued that mind and matter are two separate and distinct sorts of substances. Hindus (Including Jains, Buddhists and Sikhs) hold the view that the soul is indestructible and survives the death of the body. Jews, Christians and Muslims may not believe in rebirth, but they too believe that soul has independent existence and it survives the death of the body.What is the relationship of the mind to the body and the soul? There are no clear definitions anywhere. In Vedic literature (Taittiriya Upanishad), Bhrigu first comes to the conclusion that food is iman (the Ultimate Reality). Then he realizes that more important than body and food is the life-breath. Then he realises that more important still is the mind. More important than the mind is intellect and beyond the intellect is Atman. Thus the Upanishad refers to the existence of body mind, intellect and Atman, in Kathopanishad, Nachiketa, is told that subtler than the body is the mind. Subtler still is the intellect and subtler than the intellect is Brahman (Atman).

Why does our prime minister hoist the national flag from the ramparts of the red fort, and not from india gate on independence day?

SUBHAS Chandra Bose, who led the Indian National Army (Azad Hind Fauz) from Singapore, introduced the slogan, ‘Chalo Delhi’. And he exhorted his men to hoist the flag of independent India on the Red Fort, which has been symbolic of central power for many centuries. Hence the importance of hoisting the National flags on the Red Fort.

What is meant by a box office hit?

IN the early days, in all cinema theatres, for comfortable viewing, there used to be boxes, which offer had only two seats or four seats ii each of them. If the tickets when sold, including the tickets for the boxes, it was said that the film was box office hit. Now boxes are not to be seen in cinema theatres, but the phrase has remained.

Why is cape town in south africa also known as the cape of good hope?

CAPE of Good Hope is situated on the southern extremity of the African continent. The name Cape of Good Hope is used today to mean the entire Cape province But originally it was applied to the promontory, about 45 km south of Cape Town. Portuguese navigator Bartolomeu Dias gave the name. He had referred to it as Cabo da Boa Esperanca, meaning ‘cape of good hope’. It was from around this area that the ships used to get food for onward journey. Perhaps this was the reason why Bartolomeu used the adjective good.

In christian grave yards, we often see the letters inri. What do they stand for?

INRI stands for Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudaeorum, which means Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews.

Who are gypsies? From where do they come?

Gypsies are a nomadic race. They rarely remain at one place for long. They are known by various names. The word Gypsy, used in Britain is derived from Egyptian. The British believed they came from Egypt. The French refer to the, Gypsies as Bohemians. In Holland and Denmark, they are called Gitanos (perhaps from Egyptian). In Europe, Gypsies are famous for the crystal ball they carry and the forecasts they make. A few international Congresses of Gypsies have been held since 1960: It is now relieved that they all originated in India and migrated in waves, particularly since about 1000 AD. They veiled via Persia to Egypt and Europe. In Europe they refer to themselves as Roma and their language as Romany. In India, they are called various names like Banjaras, Lamans, Labanas, Lambaris, Vanjaris, etc. They claim that their main occupation throughout history was to transport goods from one place to another, particularly for armies on the march. They are good as artisans. Many Banjara groups these, days lead a settled life. The late Shri Vasantrao Naik, the former chief minister of Maharashtra was a Banjara, Another former CM, Sudhakar Rao Naik, also belongs to this commumty.

Why do some people become terrorists?

BEFORE I answer this question would like you to remember that Psychology is not an exact science. The reply given by me need not be acceptable to many others. I have interacted with literally thousands of youngsters. My understanding of the human mind, particularly the mind of teenagers, has made me believe that only those can learn to love, help and give, who have a high level of self-esteem and who feel secure. And who can develop self-esteem? Those who have accepted themselves with all their plus and minus points. Many youngsters find it difficult to accept themselves, when their parents do not accept them for what they are and expect them to achieve results which the youngsters are not capable of. This makes the youngsters feel insecure. Moreover, our education system is highly competitive and breeds insecurity. All around us, our youngsters see corruption of the kind, that has never been witnessed before. As a result, many lose faith in receiving fair and just treatment. This makes them insecure. Just as marshes breed mosquitoes, insecurity breeds violence as well as escapism (alcohol addiction etc.). I would like to add that not only real insecurity, but also even the perception of insecurity could have the same negative results. Those who perceive they are insecure also turn violent. And our shortsighted political leaders are great at imparting insecurity to their listeners.

Which is the most expensive hotel in the world?

The world’s most expensive is The Mansion at the MGM Grand — the $5,000 price tag is simply for the room. Meals and alcohol are charged separately. What guests get for their money is plenty of space — the villas range from 2,400 to 12,000 sq.ft. — as well as original Picassos on the walls, and the prestige that comes with being able to afford a room there.

Why are all buildings in jaipur pink in colour?

When Maharaja Jai Singh II ascended the throne in 1699, he shifted the capital from the rugged hills of Amber to the present city He appointed the architect Vidyadhar Bhattacharya to give shape to his plans and ideas to lay out the new city The pink colour of the city was not in these plans but in 1863 Jaipur dressed itself pink to welcome Prince Albert, the consort of Queen Victoria. This is how the colour became an integral part of the city, and is today popularly referred to as The Pink City’.

What’s the origin of the term french leave?

French leave primarily means taking leave without permission from work or duty. Some believe it is meant to convey the act of leisurely desertion from a military unit. Being away on leave from one’s post or duties has its roots in the 17th century and does not so much have its origins in cowardice but in a French custom of leaving a party without saying goodbye and/ or thanking the hosts.

What is the origin of the buffet systym?

A buffet is a meal-serving system where patrons serve themselves. It’s a popular method of feeding large numbers of people with minimal staff. The term originally referred to the sideboard where the food was served, but eventually became applied to the form the buffet became popular in the English-speaking world in the second half of the nineteenth century the 16th-century French term buffet applied to the display itself and to the furniture on which it was mounted, often draped with rich textiles, but more often as the century advanced an elaborately carved cupboard surmounted by tiers of Shelves. In England, such a buffet was called a court cupboard.

What is the origin of the term copycat?

The term copycat (also written as copy-cat or copy cat) refers to the tendency of humans to duplicate the behaviour of others, as expressed in the saying, ‘monkey see, monkey do’. The expression may have originated from observing the habits of kittens that learned by imitating the behaviour of their mother. Copycat has been in recorded use since at least 1896, in Sarah Orne Jewett The Country of Pointed Firs’ but the expression could be many decades older.

Which is the largest island in the world?

Greenland, officially called Kalaallit Nunaat, is the largest island in the world. Its area is 2,175,600 sq km, of which 81% is ice-capped. It was discovered by the Norwegian navigator Eric the Red in 10 A.D. It is surrounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north; the Greenland Sea to the east; the Denmark Strait to the southeast, the Atlantic Ocean to the south; and Davis Strait and Baffin Bay to the west. The capital of Greenland is Nuuk.

What are navratnas?

Navratnas was the group of nine intelligent people during the rule of Akbar and Chandragupta Maurya. In recent times, Navratna is the group of nine public sector units (PSUs) making a profit. These include ONGC, NTPC, HPCL, BPCL, IOC, SAIL, GAIL and BHEL.

Who holds the record of lighting highest number of candles at a time?

The largest flaming candle image took place at the Serena Hotel in Faisalabad Pakistan when 48 people lit 8 154 candles to create the Sandoz logo on December 31 2003

Why are the florida keys called so?

The Florida Keys is a group of islands in state of Florida in southeast of the United States. The Keys extend from the peninsula near Miami, run south and then curve west to Key West, and out to the uninhabited Dry Tortugas. They are in the Florida Straits. The word ‘key’ is probably derived from the Spanish ‘cayo’, with its roots in Taino, the language of the original inhabitants of the Caribbean.

Which is the only six-faced clock tower in the world?

The Victoria Tower, built by Hartley in 1848 at the entrance to Salisbury Dock. It has a unique six-faced clock with a bell, which was used to signal high tides and ring out other warnings. Jesse Hartley (1780-1860) designed and built the Albert Dock and its warehouses. At that time he was surveyor to the Liverpool Dock Trustees and by far the highest-paid salaried engineer in the country.

What is a cooling-off period?

A cooling-off period is the period of time that you are allowed, after signing an agreement, to cancel without incurring a financial penalty Under the Distance Selling Regulations 2000 you have the right to change your mind and cancel an order within seven working days, although some services and goods are not covered by these regulations. If you do decide to cancel, then you should put this in writing. A telephone call is not sufficient unless both you and the trader agree otherwise.

What is the significance of hiri moale festival?

The Hiri Moale Festival is celebrated in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. This is a celebration of the traditional Hiri trade that existed from precolonial times until some 60 or 70 years ago, where the Motu people near Port Moresby would create the large multi-hull lagatoi canoes with their crab-claw sails, and sail westwards into the Gulf of Papua to trade clay pots for sago. It is now the major festival, commemorating as it does trading and cultural links, and friendship between people.

Who holds the record of lighting highest number of candles at a time?

The largest flaming candle image took place at the Kankaria Lake, Ahmedabad, on March 25,2001 when members of the general public and volunteers of the National Council for Civil Liberties (NCCL), an Ahmedabad-based NGO, lit 20,000 candles in presence of Sunder Singh Bandhari, the then governor of Gujarat. They were paying homage to over 20,000 people killed in the earthquake that rocked Gujarat on January 26,2001.

Why is it easier for a fat person to swim fast in water?

In the human body, bones are heavier than water, but the fat is much lighter; that is why those who are obese (fat) can be more at ease in water.

Who invented the atm?

Don Wetzel invented the first successful and modern ATM in the US. However, he was not the first inventor. In 1939, Luther George Simjian started patenting an earlier and not-so-successful version. Don Wetzel was the co-patentee and chief conceptualist of the automated teller machine. The other two inventors were Tom Barnes (chief mechanical engineer) and George Chastain (electrical engineer). It ^took $5 million to develop it. A working

What is wimax connectivity?

WiMax stands for Wireless Interoperability Microwave Access. A faster version of Wi-Fi, WiMax is a wireless technology that offers a faster broadband connection at longer distances of up to 50 kms. The radius of WiMax coverage is measured in square kilometers unlike Wi-Fi, which is easured in square metres.

Which is the biggest prison in the world?

Leaving out Russian gulags, most of which have been disbanded, Chinese labour camps for which figures are not available, and Indian prisons like Tihar which hold more people than their authorized capacity, the biggest prison in the world is the State Prison of Southern Michigan in prototype was ready in 1969 and the first working ATM was installed in New York.

When is international car-free day celebrated?

International car-free day is celebrated on September 22 on which humans deplete the ozone layer a little less. More than 100 million people in about 1,500 cities celebrate it. Motorists forsake their gas guzzlers and lessen their contribution to global warming. It is aimed at getting commuters out of using their cars and considering environmentally sounder alternatives.

Who are true yogis? How can we identify yogis in society?

Krishna has defined a yogi in many ways in the Gita. At one place he says: One who excels in his work is a yogi (Yagah karmasu Kaushalam). At another place he says: One who maintains equanimity of mind in happiness and unhappiness, in victory and defeat and in profit and loss is a yogi. But the common people use the word yogi to describe a person who performs yogic asanas or pranayam.

What is the meaning of the letters isi written on many products? What is the full form of isi?

ISI stands for the Indian Standards Institution, with its head office in Delhi. Only those products, which meet the specifications laid down by ^he Indian Standards Institution, are permitted to use the ISI mark.

What is meant by street?

Wall street is a street in Manhattan, New York, which has been the centre of financial activities for a number of years. The stock exchange is also situated there. In Mumbai, Dalal Street has been the hub of financial activities and the Bomaby Stock Exchange is situated there. So when it is reported that Dalal Street is jubilant, it means those engaged in commercial activities feel jubilant.

What does rappelling mean?

Rappelling or abseiling is the process of descending a fixed rope. Rappelling can be done with gear like Figure 8 ring, GI steel carabineers or without any gears but just with a rope tied around the body with different knot techniques. Rappelling is used in a number of situations. Rock climbers use it to return to the base; military or police use it to raid buildings from helicopters, and rescue teams use it to access places which are flooded or on fire.

What is “fourth generation warfare”?

Fourth generation warfare’s goal is collapsing the enemy internally rather physically destroying him. Targets will include such things as the population’s support for the war and the enemy’s culture. Correct identification of enemy strategic centers of gravity is very important. Fourth generation warfare seems likely to be widely dispersed and largely undefined; the distinction between war and peace will be blurred to the vanishing point. It will be non-linear, possibly to the point of having no definable battlefields or fronts. The distinction between “civilian” and “military” may disappear.

Who won the first nobel prize for literature?

Sully Prodhomme, the French poet and essayist, was the first recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1901. His works have a lyrical quality and melancholy world view. One of his major works is a 4,000-line epic poem/Le Bonheur’. He delved into the philosophy of poetry, and favoured a style that was calm and impersonal in character. He was the first in the long list of illustrious writers who have this prize, the latest being British playwright Harold Pinter.

Who coined the term ‘six degrees of separation’?

‘Six degrees of separation’ refers to a theory whereby a person can be connected to any random person in the whole world through just five or six intermediary persons. The concept was first mentioned in ‘Chains’, a 1929 short story by Hungarian Frigyes Karinthy. Later, American sociologist Stanley Milgram conducted experiments to prove this theory, which he termed ‘the small world problem’. His findings were published in ‘Psychology Today’, wherein the term ‘six degrees of separation’ was first coined. The phrase became popular after playwright John Guare wrote an eponymous play in 1990.

What does the french term ‘beur’ mean?

Beur is a variation of the French term ‘arabe’, meaning Arab. It is used to refer to second-generation Algerian immigrants. Although they are French by nationality, they haven’t been wholly integrated to mainstream French society. They experience a peculiar problem of not belonging either to Algeria or to France, and are confined to the periphery of French cities. Unemployment is very high in this community. Recently, their problems were brought to the forefront when two boys were electrocuted when fleeing from the police. This sparked largescale riots in Paris for many days.

Which was the world’s first newspaper and when was it started?

Since the essence of a newspaper is the regular publishing of information of recent events, the credit goes to Rome for publishing the first news paper. A daily was published there from 59 BC which was called Act Diurna. Copies were written by hand and hung in prominent places in the city as well in the provinces of Italy. The gazzette recorded important political as well social events. However Niewe Tijdinghen, pub-lished from 1605 from Antwerp, Belgium, is considered the first newspaper by many. It contained miscellaneous information.

What is the difference between a cafe and a restaurant?

THE word ‘restaurant5 has its origin in the French language. It is a place where food as well as snacks are served. Cafe was a word coined by the Americans to mean a place where coffee was served. Today, it means a place where drinks as well as light refreshments are served.

I understand that according to the hindu calendar this year is 1921. After which god is this calendar named?

SHAUVAHANA was a great king (not a god) who defeated the Shakas and routed their army. It is believed that the Shalivahana era is reckoned from the year he ascended the throne (in 78AD)

Why do we need money? Why can’t we trade and get what we want against what we give?

Long, long ago, our ancestors obtained whatever they wanted by a system called barter. The farmer, who grew cotton would go to the market and get food grains or cloth SSpf the value equivalent to the cotton he had given. Wealth was rtfeasured in the Vedic period by the number of cows a man owned. But the barter system has many disadvantages. You may have cotton to sell. But if there is no one who wants cotton in your village, but you must have cloth, how can you get it? You will have to go to the next village. If you go to the market with your cow and want to buy a cot, how will you pay for it? The cow may be worth three cots. Can you cut the cow into three?” That is why barter gave way to money-gold coins, copper coins and silver coins. Teeth, cigarettes and sea shells also have been used as money. Money is something acceptable as a medium of exchange for goods and Services.

What are the legal rights of a married daughter in her father’s property? What are the legal rights of a married daughter in the ancestral property?

According to the Hindu Succession Act, married daughters and unmarried daughters have an equal right in their father’s ancestral property (ancestral property which has become the father’s personal property) along with their brothers. That means the daughter has as much right as the son in the personal property of the father which he has inherited from his ancestors. As regards the father’s own property, which he has earned or acquired, he has a right to distribute it in any proportion, among his daughters (married or unmarried) and sons. The father can leave behind a will to make his intentions clear. But when the father does not leave behind any will, the daughters have as much right as the sons on the personal property of the father, both ancestral and earned.

How should we address a woman, whose marital status is not known? What word is the most appropriate – miss, ms or mrs.?

If you are addressing a letter, just use Ms. Even when you are addressing in person, rest assured no one would take offence, if you address as Miss.

What does the term ‘screen slave’ mean?

Screen slaves refers to people who are abnormally addicted to the computer. For example, screen slaves would communicate via e-mail with people sitting right next to them. The screen slave culture, which is particularly rampant in offices the world over, is adding to the sedentary lifestyle of white collar workers, thereby increasing related disorders such as obesity, heart disease and Repetitive Stress Injury.

What is more important — value education or academic education? What are values?

Academic education helps you to enter into a profession or get a job in a private company or in the government. Even if you wish to be a farmer, academic education helps you to do better than others. But without value education you cannot be happy. You will not be able to get along with others at your office, in your family or in the neighborhood. Our ancestors defined education (yidya) as that which librates a person from the bond of ‘me and mine’ and enable him/her to work for the good and welfare of others also Sa vidya ya vimuktaye. In a society, society, people would want to money, goods and other benefits, without putting in commensurate work. This is what a thief would want to do. Most people in a society, deprived of value education, tend to be thieves in this broad sense. In such a society, a clerk in the taluka office or the Municipal Corporation, would not work unless he gets bribes. In other words, the clerk is a thief. The bribe paid by a citizen or a trader cannot come from nothing. They, in turn, will have to “steal” from other segments. The trader will underweigh the goods or charge more for what he sells. Thus he steals from his customers. The teacher would steal from the parents of his students by not doing his job well, except in coaching classes. The policemen would steal from those who come to lodge complaints. Since many would be busy stealing rather than producing wealth such a society cannot prosper. Verrier Elwin, a great anthropoligist, studied closely many tribal societies and came to certain conclusions. Tribes which told stories to their children in which wickedness triumphed over goodness, became . weaker and poorer. When Moses gave the Ten Comrnandments, they served to provide values to the Jewish society. What Jesus said during the Sermon on the Mount and elsewhere, served to provide values to Christians. Ramayana and Mahabharata and the code of Manu have provided role models and described values that need to be cherished by the Hindus. Manu says that a righteous person (1) is Courageous (2) ever willing to forgive (3) does not give in to self-indulgence (4) does not covet what does not belong to him (5) is meticulously clean (6.) has full control of his senses (7) has’the wisdom to know the right from the wrong (8) is learned (9) truthful (10) and does not lose his temper

Which is the longest ropeway in the world?

The longest ropeway currently in use is in Lapland — 13.163 kms long between Ortrask and Menstrask in Norsjo. The longest-ever ropeway was the Eritrean Ropeway running for 71.8 kms from near Massawa to the southern end of Asmara. However, this ropeway was rendered non-operational by the British removing the engines shortly after their victory at Keren in World War II.

What’s the origin of the terms ‘throwing the hat over the windmill’?

Throwing the hat over the windmill’ has its origin in Cervantes’ story on Don Quixote, a 13th century legendary knight He mistakes windmills for his enemies and throws his hat over them as a token of challenge, challenging them to a fight. All this he does in a crazed state of mind.

Who came up with the idea of insurance?

While the concept of insurance has existed since Babylonian times, the modern day avatar of insurance can be traced back to London fire of 1666. After this accident, Nicholas Barbos set up an office to insure buildings. The first insurance company was set up in 1732 in Charles Town, South Carolina, USA. Benjamin Franklin is credited with standardizing the concept of insurance by founding the Philadelphia Contribution of Insurance of Houses by loss of fire, in 1752.

What is a south american cowgiri called?

South American cowgirls are called gauchas, while the cowboys are known as gauchos. Their Australians counterparts are called jackeroos and jillaroos.

When was the bikini invented?

Parisian engineer Louis Reard invented the bikini in 1946. It was named after the Bikini Atoll, where nuclear weapon tests were carried out, because it was expected to cause a surge of excitement just like the atomic bomb. Reard followed in the footsteps of Jacques Heim who had introduced the world’s smallest bathing suit, the ‘Atome’. Reard split the Atome’ smaller, but no model was prepared to wear it. He then hired Micheline Bernardini, a nude dancer from the Casino de Paris. In 1957, Brigitte Bardot’s bikini in And God Created Woman’ created a stir and suddenly all the women wanted to wear it. Liz Hurley, not particularly averse to posing in bikinis until recently, turned her back on it after she turned forty.

What are the advantages of a credit card over a debit card?

Though the basic purpose of both the plastic cards is saving you from the burden and risk of carrying cash, they are used a bit differently for making pay ments. There are two main advantages a credit card has over a debit card. One, you can spend within a specified limit even if your bank balance doesn’t carry sufficient balance at that point of time. Two, if used thoughtfully, credit card enables you to avail of interest free credit up to 45 to 50 days.

What is the origin of the word ‘honeymoon’?

Some believe that the honeymoon originated as an ancient Babylonian practice that involved drinking mead, a honey based alcoholic drink, for a lunar month after a marriage. The first literary reference to the word honeymoon was in 1552 in Richard Huloet’s Abecedarium Anglico Latinum’. It held that the word honeymoon was a sardonic reference to the inevitable waning of love like a phase of the moon.

Why is a mafia gangster called a don?

The mafia as a criminal institution originated in Sicily, Italy. The word ‘Don’ in Italian means boss. So the leader of a mafia gang came to be known as a don. Synonyms for don include Capo Crimini, which means super boss in Italian.

Why do banks insist on customers giving their mother’s maiden name?

This is one of the security measures taken by banks to verify a customer’s identity. Today, Internet banking, phone banking and multi-purpose ATMs are used to conduct money transactions. All of them depend on entering passwords. If any miscreant finds out someone’s user ID or debit/credit card, she may try to misuse it and may even try to generate a fresh set of passwords or change the address, etc. To prevent this, security measures are taken while such a request is being made and mother’s maiden name is one of them. It is believed that usually only very close people are aware of such information and a stranger would not be able to furnish it. Combined with other confirmatory questions like date of birth, exact address, etc., this provides a reasonable level of security.

What is the difference between a call centre and a bpo organisation?

A Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) organisation is responsible for performing a process or a part of a process of another business organisation; outsourcing is done to save on costs or gain in productivity. A call centre performs that part of a client’s business which involves handling telephone calls. A call centre, for example, might handle customer complaints coming in over a telephone. Thus, a call centre can be considered a BPO organisation. The converse is, however, not true because there exist BPO organisations, such as medical transcription agencies, which handle their business through websites and do not process any telephone calls on behalf of their clients.

What is the world cup skeleton race?

This involves reclining on y6W stomach on a bobsled chute and riding it on snow. It involves several intricacies including shifting body weight to tackle difficult pathways and so on. In fact, skeleton racing was the first sliding sport in the Olympics. Lincoln De Witt, Kazuhiro Koshi and Ursi Wallser are some well-known skeleton racers. The world cup series of skeleton races was established in 1985. Teams from all over the world participate in the event.

Why is prometheus associated with fire?

Prometheus was the son of lapetus (one of the Titans). Zeus ordered Prometheus and his brother Epimetheus to make creatures to inhabit the earth. Prometheus created man, but was sorry for his creations, as he watched them shiver in the cold winter nights. But Zeus was against the idea of granting fire to humans. Prometheus climbed Olympus and stole fire from the hearth of Zeus. He carried the fire back in the stalk of a fennel plant. Zeus punished Prometheus for a few centuries where he was chained to a rock and an eagle ate his liver everyday each night, the liver of Prometheus is renewed and put back.

Which js the world’s biggest airport?

The King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia is the world’s biggest airport with an area of 81 square miles. The second biggest airport is the Denver International Airport, which covers 53 square,miles. The race is currently on between Dubai and Beijing to build the world’s biggest airport.

What is the difference between a porch and a portico?

A porch is an extension of the floor, either on the front or back entrance of a residence. It may be covered with an inclined roof and have light frame walls extending from the main structure. Porches are generally used to have a comfortable pause at the entrance. Portico is a type of porch supported by regular arrangement of columns, leading to a large building.

What is the law of diminishing returns?

Implied by Thomas Malthus in his ‘Essay on the Principle of Population’ (1798), the law of diminishing returns first came under examination during the discussions in England on free trade and the Corn Laws. It is also called the law of decreasing returns and the law of variable proportions. Law of Diminishing Returns states that if one factor of production is increased while the others remain constant, the overall returns will relatively decrease after a certain point.

Why was mahatma gandhi not honoured with a nobel peace prize?

Gandhiji was nominated for the Nobel peace prize five times (1937,38,39,47, and 48), and was short listed three times (1937,47, and 48). However, due to lack of direct contact and familiarity with Gandhiji, some of the Nobel committee members voted against him, thus causing a big omission on the part of the awards committee. In 1937, some members recognized his greatness, whereas the others felt he was inconsistent in his pacifism and was too much of a nationalist and an ordinary politician. In 1947, the committee was more favourably disposed to Gandhiji, but thought it odd to select him for the prize when India and Pakistan were engaged in a bitter separation and conflict. In 1948, after the assassination of Gandhiji, the committee almost finalised selecting Gandhiji for the award, but held back their decision, as several advisors of the committee felt that the Nobel prize cannot be given to anybody posthumously When in 1989, Dalai Lama was chosen for the award, the committee stated that the award was in part a tribute to the memory of Mahatma Gandhi.

On deodorant bottles, why is it specified to spray from a distance of 15 cms or 6 inches?

The deodorant cans are pressurised cans which eject the spray of deodorant from a single point source. Consequently, the spray diverges and spreads widely as it moves away from the source of ejection. Thus if the can is held too close to the skin then very less area of skin gets sprayed with too much of deodorant, making the process wasteful; while if the can is held at a distance of more than 15 cm the concentration of deodorant over the skin becomes too less and this renders it ineffective. A distance of 15 cm ensures that just the right amount of deodorant is sprayed over the unit surface area of skin thus making it most effective.

Why is the dragon associated with china?

While there are several stories related to the origin of the dragon’s association in China, one such story links its origin to an ancient emperor Huang Di. Legend has it that Emperor Huang Di’s coat of arms was a snake. Also, everytime he conquered a tribe, he incorporated the vanquished region’s emblem in his kingdom. So the motif of the dragon, with the body of a snake, tail of a fish, antlers of a deer, face of a quilin, talons of an eagle and eyes of a demon, is nothing but a pastiche of all the emblems amassed by Huang Di. Also, since Huang Di is an ancestor of the Chinese, the people of China are known as the ‘descendants of the dragon’.

What is the origin of the idiom ‘the 4 stork brought the baby home’?

In folklore, the movements of at stork are said to be indicative of what is likely to happen in future, different types of movements associated with different kinds of events. In several western counties it is believed that if a stork is seen on the roof of a house, a baby birth is likely to occur in that house soon, and hence the belief that babies are brought by storks. The above belief was supposed to have originated in some Dutch villages, where an increase in population led to an in crease in houses; which in turn led to an increase in babies, and at the same time an increase in storks because of more nest able roofs. This phenomenon led to the wrong conclusion that the more the storks in a place, the more the babies.

What is baaz?

Baaz is to India, what Rita and Katrina are to the US. It is the cyclone that ravaged several villages and towns in Tamil Nadu last month, and even washed out the much awaited ODI between India and South Africa in Chennai. As the state began recuperating from the floods, the weather department once warned that the Baaz would hit the coasts of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh on Dec 1,2005, as the cyclone was proceeding in the west-northwest direction. It finally hit Chennai on December 2.

Why is the heart associated with emotions even though it has nothing to do with it?

Even though emotions are centred in the brain, a strong rush of emotion such as fear, anger or love pumps adrenalin to the heart. This accelerates the heart beat. So, prior to the advancements in science, the heart was thought to be responsible for emotions.

Why does k represent black in the colour combination cmyk?

CMYK stands for cyan, magenta, yellow, and key or black. These are the four colors of ink used in the traditional method of printing hardcopies of images, called offset printing. The black is referred to as K denoting key, a shorthand for the printing term key plate. This plate impresses the artistic detail of an image, usually in black ink. CMYK is a color mixing system that depends on chemical pigments to achieve the desired hues.

Why is a sting operation called so?

A sting operation most likely owes its etymological origin to the bee. Typically, a sting operation involves an investigative agency such as the police or the media, who lure a criminal to commit a crime in order to trap them red-handed. They might pose as a criminal themselves, and thereby set up a trap in terms of an alluring offer, often known as a honey trap. Once the target takes the bait, the trappers “sting” them by way of arrest or publication, the way a bee would sting someone who tries to take honey from a beehive.

What is the difference between sauce and ketchup?

Traditionally, in the US, tomato ketchup was prepared with tomatoes, sugar, vinegar/ acetic acid and spices. It is used as a dressing or table condiment to be consumed with chips, burgers, etc. Ketchup is cold and is never heated as a rule. Tomato sauce, on the other hand, is made from tomatoes, oil, meat or vegetable stock and spices. Vinegar is not usually used. Sauces are generally served hot. Most manufacturers insist that ketchup is made with spices, onions and garlic while sauce is generally made without spices.

In which countries do rodeos take place?

Although a rodeo is mainly thought of as a distinctly North American phenomenon, it enjoys success in other counties too Countries with a significant ranching and livestock culture also develo

About the Author

Dr. Ashok Kumar Sharma, M.A.(History); Certificate in Taxidermy(Madras); Certifate in Library Science (TOPPER-ML Sukhadia Uni. Udaipur,(Rajasthan) INDIA. Hobby: Cricket; Postal Stamp Collection and Collection of Quotations since 1981.

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